PHILOSOPHER

Zhu Xi

1130 - 1200

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Zhu Xi (Chinese: 朱熹; [ʈʂú ɕí]; October 18, 1130 – April 23, 1200), formerly romanized Chu Hsi, was a Chinese philosopher, historian, politician, poet, and calligrapher of the Southern Song dynasty. As a leading figure in the development of Neo-Confucianism, Zhu Xi played a pivotal role in shaping the intellectual foundations of later imperial China. He placed great emphasis on rationality, opposed mysticism and religious experience, and constructed a huge philosophical system. His extensive commentaries and editorial work on the Four Books became the core texts of the imperial civil service examinations from 1313 until their abolition in 1905. Read more on Wikipedia

His biography is available in different languages on Wikipedia. Zhu Xi is the 65th most popular philosopher (up from 106th in 2019), the 23rd most popular biography from China (up from 39th in 2019) and the 5th most popular Chinese Philosopher.

Zhu Xi, a Song dynasty Confucian scholar, is most famous for his commentary on the Four Books of Confucianism.

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Among PHILOSOPHERS

Among philosophers, Zhu Xi ranks 65 out of 1,267. Before him are Ramakrishna, Zeno of Elea, Zhuang Zhou, Epictetus, Thomas More, and Johann Gottlieb Fichte. After him are Antonio Gramsci, Zeno of Citium, Xenophanes, Gorgias, Ibn Arabi, and Nagarjuna.

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Contemporaries

Among people born in 1130, Zhu Xi ranks 1. After him are Pope Clement III, William of Tyre, Saint Rosalia, Baldwin III of Jerusalem, Toghrul, Géza II of Hungary, Charles VII of Sweden, Rashid ad-Din Sinan, Benjamin of Tudela, Magnus II of Sweden, and Euphrosyne of Kiev. Among people deceased in 1200, Zhu Xi ranks 1. After him are Edgar Ætheling, Trota of Salerno, Ibn al-Jawzi, Ala ad-Din Tekish, Emperor Guangzong of Song, Otto I, Count of Burgundy, John Doukas, Theodora Komnene, Gorakhnath, Gilbert Horal, and Conrad of Wittelsbach.

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Others Deceased in 1200

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In China

Among people born in China, Zhu Xi ranks 23 out of 1,610. Before him are Deng Xiaoping (1904), Du Fu (712), Ip Man (1893), Wu Zetian (624), Zhuang Zhou (-369), and Hu Jintao (1942). After him are Empress Dowager Cixi (1835), Cao Cao (155), Temür Khan (1265), Toghon Temür (1320), Mencius (-372), and Qianlong Emperor (1711).

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Among PHILOSOPHERS In China

Among philosophers born in China, Zhu Xi ranks 5. Before him are Confucius (-551), Laozi (-604), Sun Tzu (-544), and Zhuang Zhou (-369). After him are Mencius (-372), Mozi (-470), Han Fei (-280), Xun Kuang (-313), Milarepa (1052), Shen Kuo (1031), and Wang Yangming (1472).

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