PHILOSOPHER

Cesare Beccaria

1738 - 1794

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Cesare Bonesana di Beccaria, Marquis of Gualdrasco and Villareggio (Italian: [ˈtʃeːzare bekkaˈriːa, ˈtʃɛː-]; 15 March 1738 – 28 November 1794) was an Italian criminologist, jurist, philosopher, economist, and politician who is widely considered one of the greatest thinkers of the Age of Enlightenment. He is well remembered for his treatise On Crimes and Punishments (1764), which condemned torture and the death penalty, and was a founding work in the field of penology and the classical school of criminology. Beccaria is considered the father of modern criminal law and the father of criminal justice. According to John Bessler, Beccaria's works had a profound influence on the Founding Fathers of the United States. Read more on Wikipedia

His biography is available in different languages on Wikipedia. Cesare Beccaria is the 182nd most popular philosopher (down from 169th in 2019), the 509th most popular biography from Italy (down from 433rd in 2019) and the 16th most popular Italian Philosopher.

Cesare Beccaria is most famous for his essay "On Crimes and Punishments" in which he argues that the severity of punishments should be proportionate to the severity of the crime.

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Among PHILOSOPHERS

Among philosophers, Cesare Beccaria ranks 182 out of 1,267. Before him are Marquis de Condorcet, Hippias, Jean Buridan, Ram Mohan Roy, Julien Offray de La Mettrie, and Carl Schmitt. After him are Maurice Merleau-Ponty, Claude Adrien Helvétius, Jean Baudrillard, Sextus Empiricus, José Ortega y Gasset, and Bernard Bolzano.

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Contemporaries

Among people born in 1738, Cesare Beccaria ranks 4. Before him are George III of the United Kingdom, William Herschel, and Joseph-Ignace Guillotin. After him are Archduchess Maria Anna of Austria, Túpac Amaru II, Albert Casimir, Duke of Teschen, Charles Cornwallis, 1st Marquess Cornwallis, Thomas Abbt, Ethan Allen, Arthur Phillip, and Adolphus Frederick IV, Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz. Among people deceased in 1794, Cesare Beccaria ranks 6. Before him are Maximilien Robespierre, Antoine Lavoisier, Georges Danton, Marquis de Condorcet, and Louis Antoine de Saint-Just. After him are Edward Gibbon, Camille Desmoulins, Élisabeth of France, Georg Forster, Alexandre de Beauharnais, and André Chénier.

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In Italy

Among people born in Italy, Cesare Beccaria ranks 509 out of 5,161. Before him are Piero di Cosimo de' Medici (1416), Marcello Malpighi (1628), Tiberius Claudius Nero (-85), Pope John III (520), Renzo Piano (1937), and Rita Levi-Montalcini (1909). After him are Maria Anna of Savoy (1803), Tinto Brass (1933), Pope Hilarius (415), Victor Amadeus II of Sardinia (1666), Antonio Meucci (1808), and Totila (500).

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Among PHILOSOPHERS In Italy

Among philosophers born in Italy, Cesare Beccaria ranks 16. Before him are Giovanni Pico della Mirandola (1463), Boethius (480), Bonaventure (1221), Marsilio Ficino (1433), Giambattista Vico (1668), and Tommaso Campanella (1568). After him are Alcmaeon of Croton (-510), Hippasus (-600), Theano (-600), Julius Evola (1898), Benedetto Croce (1866), and Giorgio Agamben (1942).

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