PHILOSOPHER

Baruch Spinoza

1632 - 1677

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Baruch (de) Spinoza (24 November 1632 – 21 February 1677), also known under his Latinized pen name Benedictus de Spinoza, was a philosopher of Portuguese-Jewish origin, who was born in the Dutch Republic. A forerunner of the Age of Enlightenment, Spinoza significantly influenced modern biblical criticism, 17th-century rationalism, and Dutch intellectual culture, establishing himself as one of the most important and radical philosophers of the early modern period. Influenced by Stoicism, Thomas Hobbes, René Descartes, Ibn Tufayl, and heterodox Christians, Spinoza was a leading philosopher of the Dutch Golden Age. Spinoza was born in Amsterdam to a Marrano family that fled Portugal for the more tolerant Dutch Republic. Read more on Wikipedia

His biography is available in different languages on Wikipedia. Baruch Spinoza is the 12th most popular philosopher (up from 33rd in 2019), the 2nd most popular biography from Netherlands (up from 5th in 2019) and the most popular Dutch Philosopher.

Baruch Spinoza is most famous for his philosophy of pantheism, which states that God and Nature are one and the same.

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Among PHILOSOPHERS

Among philosophers, Baruch Spinoza ranks 12 out of 1,267. Before him are Pythagoras, Immanuel Kant, René Descartes, Avicenna, Laozi, and Jean-Jacques Rousseau. After him are Niccolò Machiavelli, Augustine of Hippo, Francis Bacon, Friedrich Nietzsche, Thales of Miletus, and Heraclitus.

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Contemporaries

Among people born in 1632, Baruch Spinoza ranks 1. After him are John Locke, Johannes Vermeer, Antonie van Leeuwenhoek, Jean-Baptiste Lully, Samuel von Pufendorf, Christopher Wren, Jean Mabillon, Maria Leopoldine of Austria, Michael I Apafi, Francis Hyacinth, Duke of Savoy, and Adam Frans van der Meulen. Among people deceased in 1677, Baruch Spinoza ranks 1. After him are Jan van Riebeeck, Angelus Silesius, Isaac Barrow, Barbara Strozzi, Wenceslaus Hollar, Antonio Maria Abbatini, Frederick VI, Margrave of Baden-Durlach, Henry Oldenburg, William Louis, Duke of Württemberg, Aert van der Neer, and William, Margrave of Baden-Baden.

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In Netherlands

Among people born in Netherlands, Baruch Spinoza ranks 2 out of 1,646. Before him are Vincent van Gogh (1853). After him are Rembrandt (1606), Erasmus (1466), William III of England (1650), Johannes Vermeer (1632), Piet Mondrian (1872), Johan Cruyff (1947), Pope Adrian VI (1459), Hieronymus Bosch (1450), Pieter Bruegel the Elder (1525), and Mata Hari (1876).

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Among PHILOSOPHERS In Netherlands

Among philosophers born in Netherlands, Baruch Spinoza ranks 1. After him are Erasmus (1466), Jacobus Arminius (1560), Rodolphus Agricola (1443), Jacob Moleschott (1822), Dirck Coornhert (1522), Marsilius of Inghen (1335), Thomas van Erpe (1584), and Bas van Fraassen (1941).

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